Different Types of Pollutants
Air pollution threatens our health and our climate but is often invisible. It is considered to be one of the leading factors causing premature deaths. Air pollution refers to substances in the air that can harm the health of humans and animals, damage crops or property, or harm the environment.
There are many different types of pollutants, each with their own characteristics and effects on human health. The most common pollutants are the following;
PM2.5
Particulate Matter 2.5
PM2.5 refers to tiny particles that are 2.5 micrometers or less in diameter, that's around 30 times smaller than the diamater of a human hair. These particles pose a great health risk as they can penetrate deep into the lung passageway and enter the bloodstream.
PM10
Particulate Matter 10
Particles less than 10 micrometers in diameter pose a health concern because they can be inhaled into and accumulate inside the lungs. Dust and exhaust emissions are the greatest contributors.
O3
Ozone
Ozone levels are more susceptible in sunny conditions as these particles are formed by the reaction with sunlight and pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide.
SO2
Sulfur Dioxide
People with asthma experience changes in pulmonary function after periods (even just 10 minutes) of exposure to Sulfur Dioxide. It is produced by the combustion of fossil fuels and it has a sharp odour.
NO2
Nitrogen Dioxide
Nitrogen Dioxide is formed from emissions from cars, power plants, and off-road equipment. It is a highly reactive gas that can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat and cause shortness of breath. It can also worsen asthma and other respiratory conditions.
CO
Carbon Monoxide
A gas that can come from incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. It can be deadly in high concentrations because it reduces the amount of oxygen that the body can absorb.